Membrane bioreactors incorporating hollow fiber membranes have become prominent as a powerful technology for diverse biotechnological applications. These systems provide distinct benefits such as {high{surface area-to-volume ratios, efficient mass transfer, and enhanced cell retention. This article provides a thorough examination of hollow fiber me

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors offer a versatile and efficient platform for diverse biotechnological applications. These sophisticated systems leverage the properties of hollow fiber membranes to facilitate optimized mass transfer, cellular growth, and product synthesis. This comprehensive review delves into the fundamentals of hollow fiber memb